From Hackers-IL
Note
This text was borrowed from the original Wikipedia.
- Part of the Style and How-to Series
Wikipedia is a WikiWiki, which means that anyone can easily edit any unprotected article and have those changes posted immediately.
It is very easy to edit a Wiki page! Simply click on the "Edit this page" tab at the top (or the edit links on the right) of a Wiki page to change the page itself, or click on the "Discussion tab" and then on the "+ tab" (or, on the original classic skin, click on the "Discuss this page" link and then on "Edit this page") to add a comment to the discussion on the corresponding talk page. This will bring you to a page with a text box containing the editable text of that Wiki page.
Type away, write a short edit summary on the small field below the edit-box and when finished, press "Save". You can also preview your changes before saving if you like. Depending on your system, pressing Enter while the edit box is not active (there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing the save button.
More information on editing wiki pages
This page is the reference for wiki markup. You may also want to learn about:
Tips on editing Wikipedia articles
Please use a neutral point of view, and please cite your sources so others can check and extend your work.
It is often more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your
favorite text editor, edit and spell check there, and then paste back
into the browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you authored so that you can make changes offline. Some text editors can be specially adapted to edit Wikipedia articles: see Wikipedia:syntax highlighting.
If during editing you want to see the current version again, open "Cancel" in a new window. This does not cancel your edit.
After making a new page, it's a good idea to
- With your page displayed, use What links here to check the articles that already link to it, and make sure that they are all expecting the same meaning that you have supplied;
- Use the Search button to launch a Google search of Wikipedia for your topic title (and possibly variants), to find articles that mention it, and make links from them if appropriate;
- Check for corresponding articles in the Wikipedias of other languages that you can read.
Safari browser 60-second timeout
If you use the Safari browser on Mac OS X, you may find that the 60-second browser timeout is shorter than the amount of time it takes for your edit to be acknowledged, especially when server load is high. Clicking "Save page" again will cause the edit to be repeated, which can be disastrous when doing section edits. You may want to install SafariNoTimeout, a free extension that will increase the 60-second timeout to 10 minutes.
Minor edits
See also Wikipedia:Minor edit
When editing a page, a logged-in user can mark that edit as "minor". Minor edits generally mean spelling corrections, formatting, and minor rearranging of text. It is possible to hide minor edits when viewing Wikipedia:Recent Changes. Marking a significant change as a minor edit is considered bad behavior, and even more so if it involves the deletion of some text. If one has accidentally marked an edit as minor, the person should edit the source once more, mark it major (or, rather, ensure that the check-box for "This is a minor edit" is not checked), and, in the summary, state that the previous change was a major one.
The wiki markup
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column.
You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the Sandbox.
Sections, paragraphs, lists and lines
| What it looks like |
What you type |
|
Start your sections as follows:
New section
Subsection
Sub-subsection
|
==New section==
===Subsection===
====Sub-subsection====
|
|
A single newline
has no effect on the layout.
These can be used to separate
sentences within a paragraph.
Some editors find that this aids editing
and improves the diff function.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.
|
A single [[newline]]
has no effect on the layout.
These can be used to separate
sentences within a paragraph.
Some editors find that this aids editing
and improves the ''diff'' function.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.
|
You can break lines
without starting a new paragraph. |
You can break lines<br/>
without starting a new paragraph.
|
- Lists are easy to do:
- start every line with a star
- more stars means deeper levels
|
* Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star
*** more stars means deeper levels
|
- Numbered lists are also good
- very organized
- easy to follow
|
# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
|
- You can even do mixed lists
- and nest them
|
* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* like this
|
- Definition list
- list of definitions
- item
- the item's definition
|
; Definition list : list of definitions
; item : the item's definition
- One item per line, NEWLINE only before the colon. The space before the colon improves parsing.
|
- A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
- This is primarily for displayed material, but is also used for discussion on Talk pages.
|
: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
|
IF a line starts with a space THEN
it will be formatted exactly
as typed;
in a fixed-width font;
lines won't wrap;
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code;
* [[ASCII art]] and chemical structures;
WARNING If you make it wide, you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable, especially for people who use lower resolutions. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.
|
IF a line starts with a space THEN
it will be formatted exactly
as typed;
in a fixed-width font;
lines won't wrap;
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code;
* [[ASCII art]] and chemical structures; |
| Centered text.
|
<center>Centered text.</center>
|
A horizontal dividing line: this is above it
and this is below it.
Mainly useful for separating threads on Talk pages.
In rare times used to disambiguate an expression without creating a separate page.
</td>
| A [[horizontal dividing line]]: this is above it
----
and this is below it.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
Links and URLs
| What it looks like |
What you type |
London has public transport.
- First letter of target is automatically capitalized.
- Internally spaces are automatically represented as underscores (typing an underscore has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
Thus the link above is to http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the article with the name "Public transport". See also Wikipedia:Canonization.
|
London has [[public transport]].
|
| Same target, different name:
answers.
(This is a piped link.)
|
Same target, different name:
[[wikipedia FAQ|answers]]
|
| Endings are blended into the link: testing, genes
|
Endings are blended
into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s
|
|
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: kingdom.
Automatically hide namespace: Village Pump.
<p>The server fills in the part after the | when you save the page. Next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. A preview interprets the abbreviated form correctly, but does not expand it yet in the edit box. Press Save and again Edit, and you will see the expanded version. The same applies for the following feature.
</td>
|
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses:
[[kingdom (biology)|]].
Automatically hide namespace:
[[Wikipedia:Village Pump|]].
</td></tr>
| |
Economics#See also is a link to a section within another page.
#Links, URLs is a link to a section on this page.
The part after the # must exactly match a heading on the page (in spelling, case and punctuation). See == headers == above for how to create headings. Links to non-existent sections aren't broken, they are treated as links to the top of the page.</td> |
[[Economics#See also]] is a link...
[[#Links, URLs]] is a link...
</td>.
</tr>
|
| When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by
adding three tildes for your user name:
- Montrealais
or four for user name plus date/time:
- Montrealais 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)</td>
| When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by
adding three tildes for your user name:
: ~~~
or four for user name plus date/time:
: ~~~~
</td>
</tr>
| | The weather in London is a page that doesn't
exist yet.
- You can create it by clicking on the link.
- To create a new page:
- Create a link to it on some other page.
- Save that page.
- Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing.
- Have a look at how to start a page guide and Wikipedia's naming conventions.
</td>
| [[The weather in London]] is a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</td>
</tr>
| | Wikipedia:How to edit a page is this page.
Self links appear as bold text when the article is viewed.</td>
| [[Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] is this page.
</td>
</tr>
| |
Redirect one article title to another by putting text like this in its first line. Note that redirects to sections do not work yet. #REDIRECT [[United States#History]] will redirect to the United States page, but not to any particular section on it. It is possible this feature will be implemented in future, so such redirects could be used now for future compatibility.
</td>
| #REDIRECT [[United States]]
</td>
</tr>
| |
Link to a page on the same subject in another language using a link like [[language code:Title]].
It does not matter where you put these links while editing as they always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended. See Wikipedia:Interlanguage links and list of languages and codes.
</td>
| [[fr:Wikipédia:Aide]] </td>
</tr>
|
"What links here" and "Related changes" can be linked as:
Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page and
Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page
|
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:
How to edit a page]] and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:
How to edit a page]]
</tr>
|
A user's "Contributions" page can be linked as:
Special:Contributions/UserName or Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0 |
[[Special:Contributions/UserName]]
[[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]
</tr>
|
| To put an article in a Wikipedia:Category:
|
[[Category:Character sets]]
</tr>
|
| To link to a Wikipedia:Category page, without putting the article in this category:
Category:Character sets
|
[[:Category:Character sets]]
</tr>
| | External link:
Plain URL: http://www.nupedia.com/ (no markup)
This is an unnamed link. [1] (using square brackets).
Named link to Nupedia (note use of space, not pipe, to separate URL from name).
</td>
| External link:
Plain URL: http://www.nupedia.com/
This is an unnamed link. [http://www.nupedia.com/]
Named link to [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia].
- In the URL all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%-+&#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written %5E (to be looked up in ASCII).
</td>
</tr>
|
|
To link to books, you can use Wikipedia:ISBN links. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use this format.
ISBN 012345678X
ISBN 0-123-45678-X
</td>
|
ISBN 012345678X
ISBN 0-123-45678-X
</tr>
|
| Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use Special:Preferences to change your own date display setting.
July 20, 1969 , 20 July 1969 and 1969-07-20
</td>
| [[July 20]], [[1969]] , [[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
will all appear as 20 July 1969 if you set your date display preference to 15 January 2001, but July 20, 1969 if you set it to January 15, 2001. </td>
</tr>
|
|
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
Sound
</td>
|
[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]]
</td></tr>
</table>
Links, URLs, and images
| What it looks like |
What you type |
A picture:
|
A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png]]
or, with alternate text
[[Image:Wiki.png|jigsaw globe]]
or, floating to the right side of the page and with a caption.
A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png|frame|right|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]
or, floating to the right side of the page without a caption.
[[Image:Wiki.png|right|]]
Note the extra | after the word right. This is to make sure the image floats to the right side of the page, and not so that the alternate text is "right".
|
|
Clicking on an uploaded image displays a description page, which you can also link directly to: Image:Wiki.png
|
[[:Image:Wiki.png]]
|
|
To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
Image of a Tornado
|
[[media:Tornado.jpg|Image of a Tornado]]
|
Character formatting
| What it looks like |
What you type |
|
Emphasize, strongly, very strongly.
- These are double and triple apostrophes (single-quote marks), not double-quote marks.
- Note that on almost all browsers, these appear as italic and bold; for semantic reasons, <i> and <b> are preferable in mathematical formulas.
|
''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''.
|
|
A typewriter font for monospace text.
- For semantic reasons, <code> should be used instead when writing computer programs
|
A typewriter font for <tt>monospace text</tt>.
|
|
You can use small text for captions.
|
You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
|
|
You can strike out deleted material
and underline new material.
|
You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and <u>underline new material</u>.
|
|
Umlauts and accents:
è é ê ë ì í
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß
à á
â ã ä å æ
ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ
ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ
|
è é ê ë ì í
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ
|
|
Punctuation:
¿ ¡ § ¶
† ‡ • – —
‹ › « »
‘ ’ “ ”
|
¿ ¡ § ¶
† ‡ • – —
‹ › « »
‘ ’ “ ”
|
|
Commercial symbols:
™ © ® ¢ € ¥
£ ¤
|
™ © ® ¢ € ¥
£ ¤
|
|
Subscripts:
x1 x2 x3
Superscripts:
x1 x2 x3
or x¹ x² x³
- The latter method of superscripting can't be used in the most general context, but is preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.
ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
1 hectare = 1 E4 m²
|
x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub>
x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup>
or x¹ x² x³
ε<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup>
C² / J m.
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]
|
|
Greek characters:
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
|
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
|
|
Math characters:
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ →
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔
|
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ →
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔
|
|
Spacing in simple math formulas:
Obviously, x² ≥ 0 is true.
- To space things out without allowing line breaks to interrupt the formula, use non-breaking spaces: .
|
Obviously, <i>x</i>² ≥ 0 is true.
|
|
Complicated formulas:
- <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
- See Wikipedia:TeX markup for how to use <math>.
- A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.
|
: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
|
|
Suppressing interpretation of markup:
Link → (<i>to</i>) the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]
- Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
- Escapes all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.
- Does not escape HTML character references.
- To escape HTML character references such as → use &rarr;
|
<nowiki>Link → (<i>to</i>)
the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]</nowiki>
|
|
Commenting page source:
not shown in page
- Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.
- Note that most comments should go on the appropriate Talk page.
|
<!-- comment here -->
|
Tables
Placement of the Table of Contents (TOC)
At the current status of the wiki markup language, having at least four headers on a page triggers the TOC to appear in front of the first header (or after introductory sections). Putting __NOTOC__ anywhere forces the TOC to disappear. See also compact TOC for alphabet and year headings.
Tables
There are two ways to build tables:
- in special Wiki-markup (see m:Help:Table)
- with the usual HTML elements: <table>, <tr>, <td> or <th>.
For the latter, and a discussion on when tables are appropriate, see Wikipedia:How to use tables.
Variables
(See also m:Help:Variable)
| Code | Effect
|
|---|
| {{CURRENTMONTH}}
| 08
| | {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
| August
| | {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}
| August
| | {{CURRENTDAY}}
| 1
| | {{CURRENTDAYNAME}}
| Sunday
| | {{CURRENTYEAR}}
| 2010
| | {{CURRENTTIME}}
| 06:58
| | {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}
| 92
| | {{PAGENAME}}
| Hackers-IL MediaWiki:How does one edit a page
| | {{NAMESPACE}}
|
| | {{localurl:pagename}}
| /mediawiki/index.php/Pagename
| | {{localurl:Wikipedia:Sandbox|action=edit}}
| http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox?action=edit
| | {{SERVER}}
| http://www.hackers.org.il
| | {{ns:1}}
| Talk
| | {{ns:2}}
| User
| | {{ns:3}}
| User_talk
| | {{ns:4}}
| Hackers-IL
| | {{ns:5}}
| Hackers-IL_talk
| | {{ns:6}}
| Image
| | {{ns:7}}
| Image_talk
| | {{ns:8}}
| MediaWiki
| | {{ns:9}}
| MediaWiki_talk
| | {{ns:10}}
| Template
| | {{ns:11}}
| Template_talk
| | {{ns:12}}
| Help
| | {{ns:13}}
| Help_talk
| | {{ns:14}}
| Category
| | {{ns:15}}
| Category_talk
| | {{SITENAME}}
| Hackers-IL
|
NUMBEROFARTICLES is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, i.e. number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages).
Templates
The MediaWiki software used by Wikipedia has limited support for template inclusion. This means standardized text chunks (such as boilerplate text) can be inserted into articles. For example, typing {{stub}} will appear as This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. when the page is saved. Other commonly used ones are {{disambig}} for disambiguation pages and {{spoiler}} for spoiler warnings. See Wikipedia:Template messages for the complete list.
See also
ar:ويكيبيديا:مساعدة التحرير
bg:Уикипедия:Как се редактират страници
ca:Viquipèdia:Com s'edita una pàgina
cs:Wikipedie:Jak editovat stránku
da:Wikipedia:Hvordan redigerer jeg en side
de:Wikipedia:Handbuch - Artikel bearbeiten
el:Wikipedia:Πώς να επεξεργαστείτε μια σελίδα
eo:Vikipedio:Kiel redakti pagxon
es:Wikipedia:Cómo se edita una página
fi:Wikipedia:Kuinka_sivuja_muokataan
fr:Wikipédia:Syntaxe wikipédia
ga:Vicipéid:Conas a cuirtear leathanach in eagar
he:ויקיפדיה:איך לערוך דף
hi:लेख को कैसे बदलें
hu:Wikipédia:Hogyan szerkessz egy lapot
it:Wikipedia:Guida_essenziale
lt:Wikipedia:Kaip_Redaguoti_Puslapį
ja:Wikipedia:編集の仕方
ro:Wikipedia:Cum să editezi o pagină
ru:Как редактировать страницу
simple:Wikipedia:How to edit
sl:Wikipedija:Urejevanje slovenskih strani
sr:Википедија:Како_се_мења_страна
sv:Wikipedia:Hur man redigerar en sida
th:Wikipedia:การแก้ไขหน้า
tr:Wikipedia:Sayfa_nasıl_değiştirilir
ur:صفحہ_کس_طرح_ترميم_کريں
vi:Wikipedia:Cách_chọn_lọc_trang
zh-cn:Wikipedia:如何编辑页面
zh-tw:Wikipedia:如何編輯頁面
| |
